7th Schedule - Union List, State List & Concurrent Lists (2024)

• The constitutional provisions of distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States are defined under several articles
• The 7th Schedule of Constitution of India defines and specifies allocation of powers of Union & States
• It contains three lists

1. 1. Union List
   2. States List
   3. Concurrent List

1. Defense of India

2. Naval, military and air forces; any other armed forces of the Union

2A. Deployment of any armed force of the Union in any state in aid of the civil power

4. Naval, military and air force works

5. Arms, firearms, ammunition, and explosives

6. Atomic energy and mineral resources necessary for its production

7. Defence industries

8. Central Bureau of Intelligence and investigation

9. Preventive detention for reasons connected with defence, foreign affairs, or the security of India

10. Foreign affairs

11. Diplomatic, consular and trade representation

13. International conferences, associations and other bodies

14. Treaties, agreements and conventions with foreign countries

15. War and peace

16. Foreign jurisdiction

17. Citizenship, naturalisation and aliens

18. Extradition

19. Passports and visas

20. Pilgrimages to places outside India

21. Piracies and crimes committed on the high seas or in the air and offences against the law of nations.

22. Railways

23. National highways

24. Shipping and navigation on national waterways

25. Maritime shipping and navigation

26. Lighthouses for the safety of shipping and aircraft

27. Major ports

28. Port quarantine, seaman and marine hospitals

29. Airways; aircraft and air navigation; provision of aerodromes

30. Carriage of passengers and goods by railway, sea, air or national waterways

31. Posts and telegraphs; telephones, wireless, broadcasting and other like forms of communication

32. Property of the Union

33. (Omitted)

34. Courts of wards for the estates of rulers of Indian states

35. Public debt of the Union

36. Currency, coinage and legal tender; foreign exchange

37. Foreign loans

38. Reserve Bank of India

39. Post office savings bank

40. Lotteries organised by the Union or state

41. Trade and commerce with foreign countries

42. Inter–state trade and commerce

43. Trading corporations, including banking, insurance and financial corporations but not including co-operative societies

44. Corporations, whether trading or not, with objects not confined to one state

46. Bills of exchange, cheques, promissory notes and other like instruments

47. Insurance

48. Stock exchanges and futures markets

49. Patents, inventions and designs; copyright; trade-marks and merchandise marks

50. Establishment of standards of weight and measure

51. Establishment of standards of quality for goods to be exported out of India or transported from one state to another

52. Industries, the control of which by the Union is in the public interest

53. Oil fields and mineral oil resources; petroleum and petroleum products; other liquids and substances which are inflammable

54. Regulation of mines and mineral development in the public interest

55. Regulation of labour and safety in mines and oil fields

56. Regulation and development of inter-state rivers and river valleys

57. Fishing and fisheries beyond territorial waters

58. Manufacture, supply and distribution of salt by Union and other agencies

59. Cultivation and manufacture of opium and its export

60. Sanctioning of cinematograph films for exhibition

61. Industrial disputes concerning Union employees

62. National Library, the Indian Museum, the Imperial War Museum, the Victoria Memorial and the Indian War Memorial, and any other like institution of national importance

63. Benaras Hindu University, the Aligarh Muslim University and the Delhi University; any other institution of national importance

64. Scientific or technical education institutions of national importance

65. Union agencies and institutions for training, research or detection of crime

66. Standards in institutions for higher education or research and scientific and technical institutions

67. Ancient and historical monuments and records, and archaeological sites and remains of national importance

68. The Survey of India, the Geological, Botanical, Zoological and Anthropological Surveys of India; Meteorological organisations

70. Union Public Services; All-India Services; Union Public Service Commission

71. Union pensions

72. Elections to Parliament, the legislatures of states and the offices of President and Vice-President; the Election Commission

73. Salaries and allowances of members and presiding officers of Parliament

74. Powers, privileges and immunities of each House of Parliament and of the members and the committees of each House

75. Emoluments and service conditions of the president, governors, the ministers for the Union and the Comptroller and Auditor General

76. Audit of the accounts of the Union and of the states

77. Organisation, jurisdiction and powers of the Supreme Court

78. Organisation of the high courts

79. Extension of the jurisdiction of a high court to any union territory

80. Extension of the powers and jurisdiction of members of a police force belonging to any state to any area outside that state

81. Inter-state migration; inter-state quarantine

82. Taxes on income other than agricultural income

83. Duties of customs including export duties

84. Duties of excise on tobacco and other goods except alcoholic liquors for human consumption and opium, Indian hamp and other narcotic drugs and narcotics, but including medicinal and toilet preparations containing alcohol

85. Corporation tax

86. Taxes on the capital value of the assets (exclusive of agricultural land) of individuals and companies; taxes on the capital of companies

87. Estate duty in respect of property other than agricultural land

88. Duties in respect of succession to property other than agricultural land

89. Terminal taxes on goods or passengers, carried by railway, sea or air; taxes on railway fares and freights

90. Taxes other than stamp duties on transactions in stock exchanges and futures markets

91. Rates of stamp duty in respect of bills of exchange, cheques, promissory notes, bills of lading, letters of credit, policies of insurance, transfer of shares, debentures, proxies and receipts

92. (Omitted)

92A. Taxes on the sale or purchase of goods other than newspapers, where such sale or purchase takes place in the course of inter-state trade or commerce

92B. Taxes on the consignment of goods in the course of inter-state trade or commerce

92C. (Omitted)

93. Offences against laws with respect to any of the matters in this list

94. Inquiries, surveys and statistics for the purpose of any of the matters in this list

95. Jurisdiction and powers of all courts (except the Supreme Court) with respect to any of the matters in this list; admiralty jurisdiction

96. Fees in respect of any of the matters in this list, but not including fees taken in any court

97. Any other matter not enumerated in List II or List III including any tax not mentioned in either of those lists

Union List, State List & Concurrent List

1. Public order

2. Police

3. Officers and servants of the high court

4. Prisons, reformatories, borstal institutions and other such institutions

6. Public health and sanitation

7. Pilgrimages, other than pilgrimages to places outside India

8. Intoxicating liquors

9. Relief of the disabled and unemployable

10. Burials and burial grounds

11. (Omitted)

12. Libraries, museums and other similar institutions; ancient and historical monuments and records other than those of national importance

13. Communications, that is, roads, bridges, ferries and other means of communication not specified in List I

14. Agriculture, including agricultural education and research

15. Preservation of stock and prevention of animal diseases

16. Pounds and the prevention of cattle trespass

17. Water, that is, water supplies, irrigation and canals, drainage and embankments, water storage and water power

18. Land, that is, right in or over land, land tenures and the collection of rents

19. (Omitted)

20. (Omitted)

21. Fisheries

22. Courts of wards

23. Regulation of mines and mineral development

24. Industries

25. Gas and gas-works

26. Trade and commerce within the state

27. Production, supply and distribution of goods

28. Markets and fairs

29. (Omitted)

30. Money-lending and money-lenders; relief of agricultural indebtedness

31. Inns and inn-keepers

32. Corporation, other than those specified in List I, and universities; unincorporated trading, literacy, scientific, religious and other societies and associations; co-operative societies

33. Theaters and dramatic performances; cinemas; sports, entertainments and amusem*nts

34. Betting and gambling

35. Works, lands and buildings of the state

36. (Omitted)

37. Elections to the legislature of the state

38. Salaries and allowances of members and presiding officers of the legislature of the state

39. Powers, privileges and immunities of the legislature of the state and of the members and the committees thereof

40. Salaries and allowances of ministers for the state

41. States public services; State Public Service Commission

42. State pensions

43. Public debt of the state

44. Treasure trove

45. Land revenue, including maintenance of land records

46. Taxes on agricultural income

47. Duties in respect of succession to agricultural land

48. Estate duty in respect of agricultural land

49. Taxes on lands and buildings

50. Taxes on mineral rights

51. Duties of excise on alcoholic liquors for human consumption; opium, Indian hemp and other narcotic drugs and narcotics, but not including medicinal and toilet preparations containing alcohol

52. (Omitted)

53. Taxes on the consumption or sale of electricity

54. Taxes on the sale or purchase of goods other than newspapers

55. (Omitted)

56. Taxes on goods and passengers carried by road or on inland waterways

57. Taxes on vehicles

58. Taxes on animals and boats

59. Tolls

60. Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments

61. Capitation taxes

62. Taxes on luxuries, including taxes on entertainments, amusem*nts, betting and gambling

63. Rates of stamp duty in respect of documents other than those specified in List I

64. Offences against laws with respect to any of the matters in this list

65. Jurisdiction and powers of all courts, except the Supreme Court, with respect to any of the matters in this list

66. Fees in respect of any of the matters in this list, but not including fees taken in any court

1. Criminal Law, including all matters included in the Indian Penal Code

2. Criminal procedure, including all matters included in the Code of Criminal Procedure

3. Preventive detention for reasons connected with the security of a state, the maintenance of public order, or the maintenance of supplies and services essential to the community

4. Removal from one state to another state of prisoners and accused persons

5. Marriage and divorce; infants and minors; adoption; wills, intestacy and succession; joint family and partition

6. Transfer of property other than agricultural land; registration of deeds and documents

7. Contracts

8. Actionable wrongs

9. Bankruptcy and insolvency

10. Trust and Trustees

11. Administrators-general and official trustees

11A. Administration of justice; constitution and organisation of all courts, except the Supreme Court and the high courts

12. Evidence and oaths; recognition of laws, public acts and records, and judicial proceedings

13. Civil procedure, including all matters included in the Code of Civil Procedure

14. Contempt of court, but not including contempt of the Supreme Court

15. Vagrancy; nomadic and migratory tribes

16. Lunacy and mental deficiency

17. Prevention of cruelty to animals

17A. Forests

17B. Protection of wild animals and birds

18. Adulteration of foodstuffs and other goods

19. Drugs and poisons

20. Economic and social planning

20A. Population control and family planning

21. Commercial and industrial monopolies, combines and trusts

22. Trade unions; industrial and labour disputes

23. Social security and social insurance; employment and unemployment

24. Welfare of labour including conditions of work, provident funds, employers’ liability, workmen’s compensation, invalidity and old age pensions and maternity benefits

25. Education, including technical education, medical education and universities

26. Legal, medical and other professions

27. Relief and rehabilitation of persons

28. Charitable institutions, religious endowments and religious institutions

29. Infectious or contagious diseases or pests affecting men, animals or plants

30. Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths

31. Ports other than major ports

32. Shipping and navigation on inland waterways

33. Trade and commerce in, and the production, supply and distribution of, foodstuffs, including edible oilseeds and oils; cattle fodder; raw cotton, and cotton seeds; and raw jute

33A. Weights and measures except establishment of standards

34. Price control

35. Mechanically propelled vehicles including the principles on which taxes on such vehicles are to be levied

36. Factories

37. Boilers

38. Electricity

39. Newspapers, books and printing presses

40. Archaeological sites and remains other than those of national importance

41. Evacuee property (including agricultural land)

42. Acquisition and requisitioning of property

43. Recovery in a state of claims in respect of taxes and other public demands

44. Stamp duties other than duties or fees collected by means of judicial stamps, but not including rates of stamp duty

45. Inquiries and statistics for the purposes of any of the matters specified in List II or List III

46. Jurisdiction and powers of all courts, except the Supreme Court, with respect to any of the matters in this list

47. Fees in respect of any of the matters in this list, but not including fees taken in any court